Land Surveyor in Training (LSIT) Practice Exam

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• Which of the following is a stated goal of the comprehensive plan?
• Cadastral Survey is defined as which of the following?
• Modern geodetic datums range from:
• Real-time kinematic requires a radio frequency link between a base station and the
• Meridians are lines joining the poles and are also known as what?
• What is a rhumb line?
• State Plane coordinates are always found as:
• A run in leveling is defined as what?
• FS stands for which leveling term?
• Which equation defines ellipsoid height h in GPS terms?
• A map projection that preserves angles locally but distorts other properties is known as?
• With an ellipsoid height for a point derived by GPS of 1467.4 ft and a geoid separation of -23.8 ft, what is the orthometric elevation for the point?
• Land Title refers to which of the following?
• For vertical/elevation heights, to which datum should the geodetic datum be referenced?
• Which components are typically used together to establish project coordinates in GNSS surveying?
• Network design aims to maintain a robust statewide control network using high-precision GNSS and geodetic leveling. This network provides the basis for the horizontal and vertical location of what?
• What does the Grid Magnetic Angle measure?
• In construction staking, survey markers are referred to as what?
• Planar projection produces which shape?
• Topographic surveys are primarily intended to map which aspects?
• OPUS computes coordinates using which network?
• What force keeps planet earth in its orbit?
• What data outputs are produced by combining LiDAR and photogrammetry when collected by UAS?
• Horizontal control surveys are established for which type of projects?
• The 'epoch date' refers to the date associated with the coordinates of a control station. An epoch date is a necessary part of a complete datum or reference frame name, because coordinates can change with time.
• Which term describes the surface of the oceans that would exist under gravity and rotation alone?
• Which statement about Cylindrical Equal-Area projections is true?
• In differential leveling, which equation correctly expresses Height of Instrument (HI)?
• In RTK surveys, how are differential corrections received?
• What is the main goal of field operations and computations?
• What is the minimum number of NGS First or Second Order benchmarks required to establish the Elevation/Vertical control network?
• In the EF example, the local elevation used is?
• GPS is a system that determines the precise location on Earth through which components?
• What is a backsight (BS) in differential leveling?
• A level surface is defined as which?
• Robotic Total Stations enable what capability compared to conventional total stations?
• Error sources for GPS usage are a. Satellite clock b. Ionosphere c. Receiver clock d. Satellite orbit e. Lower atmosphere f. Multipath. Which of the following is NOT listed as an error source?
• Floodplain is defined as which?
• What is the geoid?
• Which statement about bearing notation is accurate?
• Why is the exact value of a measured angle or distance never known?
• What does the raster data model use to represent locations on the earth?
• Horizontal control surveys, whenever feasible, are based on which type of observations?
• Which are examples of tidal datums?
• If HI is 125.60 and FS is 9.20, what is the elevation?
• Which of the following is a primary purpose of the local comprehensive plan?
• In geodesy, datums are sets of data. Which of the following statements is true?
• Fast-static surveys differ from traditional static surveys primarily in what aspect?
• What is the purpose of combining GNSS with ground-based control monuments and Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) in surveying?
• Which statement best describes tidal datums?
• Which activity is a stated focus of the comprehensive plan?
• Vertical datum data are gathered using which methods?
• To what precision should measurements be rounded according to the guideline?
• Which of the following is an example of a tidal datum?
• The map projection that distorts scale and distance except along the standard parallel is:
• What is the field book used for in surveying?
• Which statement best describes the bearing of a line?
• How frequently are alignment stakes placed along tangents with uniform grade?
• Metes and Bounds description describes which aspect of a property?
• What are the two main datums that form the foundation for navigation and transportation in the United States?
• What is the approximate speed of light in the atmosphere used in GPS distance calculations?
• Which value is used for Earth’s radius R in the EF calculation example?
• What is the primary purpose of a control survey?
• Conical projection produces which type of map and distortion pattern?
• The work of the surveyor is divided into which three phases?
• GNSS is a satellite-based system used to determine which geographic quantities?
• GPS coordinates calculated when satellites are clustered close together in the sky is described as:
• Boundaries of state plane zones usually follow which feature?
• The system uses a simple Cartesian coordinate system to specify locations. The error is less than:
• GPS technology uses which of the following technique(s) to determine location coordinates?
• Which practice is typical for construction surveys?
• There are how many zones in the continental US according to the text?
• What characterizes a raw data file in surveying data management?
• Which of the following describes a rhumb line’s cross-meridian behavior?
• Simple three parameter conversions between latitude, longitude, and height in different datums can be accomplished by conversion through Earth-Centered, Earth Fixed XYZ Cartesian coordinates in one reference datum and three origin offsets that approximate differences in rotation, translation and scale.
• OPUS is an example of which surveying approach?
• Which statement best describes horizontal datums?
• Gravity anomalies only occur when which of the following Earth contrasts are impacted?
• What is magnetic declination?
• When is a backsight reading typically taken during leveling?
• Which data model uses points and line segments to identify locations on the earth?
• Bench mark in surveying refers to which concept?
• What is the elevation factor value for Earth’s radius R = 20,906,000 ft and local elevation H = 6,320 ft?
• What is the primary purpose of an As-Built Survey?
• Which statement correctly describes the foresight (FS) reading?
• Latitude lines measure what?
• Which expression correctly defines Elevation Factor?
• Which statement correctly describes the foresight (FS) reading?
• A rhumb line is also known as which term?
• The elevation factor EF is defined as EF = R / (R + H + N). In the denominator, which terms are added to R?
• Which statement correctly contrasts raster and vector data models?
• OPUS, NOAA's Online Positioning User Service, provides free access to high-accuracy coordinates. Which organization operates OPUS?
• What is the generally accepted definition of land development?
• Which statement about guard stakes is correct?
• Cadastral surveys typically involve which elements?
• In the simple three-parameter datum conversion method, how many origin offsets are used?
• Which of the following is a route survey used for alignment of linear features?
• What does the network positional accuracy of a control point quantify?
• What is the minimum number of NGS first or second order benchmarks used for vertical control?
• Which acts laid the basic foundation for land development controls in the United States?
• A close in leveling is defined as what?
• Land survey coordinate systems are affected by which of the following?
• What is a geodetic datum?
• Geodetic datums define the:
• Which statement best describes a Construction Survey?
• Which statement about conformal projections is correct?
• To achieve 2nd Order accuracy, what is the required vertical accuracy specification for 1 km of double-run leveling without a micrometer?
• Which description defines a turning point (TP) in leveling?
• Which technique shall be utilized to establish elevations on the required project control points?
• Topographic Survey locates which types of features?
• Which of the following are uses of geodesy?
• Which description best defines a route survey in land surveying?
• Datum conversions are accomplished by various methods. Complete datum conversion is based on seven parameter transformations that include:
• Field Run Topographic Survey is the appropriate survey when which features are needed?
• What is the Height of Instrument (HI) in leveling?
• A level datum is defined as which?
• Which of the following are land surveying datum types?
• What is the projection called when the scale is the same in any direction at a point?
• In land surveying, UAS enhance data collection by using sensors that provide high-resolution images or LiDAR, alone or together, enabling what?
• The Height of Collimation is defined as what?
• On a conformal map, meridians (lines of longitude) and parallels (lines of latitude) intersect at what angle?
• In a static GPS survey, where is the base receiver placed?
• What does a Quantity Survey primarily measure?
• Azimuths are defined as what type of angles?
• Field record keeping and documentation should include which items?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a purpose of the comprehensive plan?
• Positional accuracy for primary horizontal and vertical control shall be reported as which terms?
• Which category of error in measurements arises from human judgment or bias?
• Azimuth values typically vary over what range?
• The local positional accuracy of a control point is a number that represents the uncertainty at the 95% confidence level in coordinates relative to what?
• In leveling, the first observation is to a known point and is termed a backsight. Which of the following is the correct designation for the first observation?
• Cylindrical projection produces which type of map and distortion pattern?
• Primary project control involves which elements to establish control near and beyond the project site?
• A Subdivision Plat is best described as which?
• How is the Grid-Magnetic angle typically depicted on a map?
• Precise leveling is characterized by which statement?
• Laser scanning is particularly advantageous for which BIM-related tasks?
• Which system provides the geodetic datum for horizontal coordinates in this context?
• Which statement about GNSS equipment is true?
• What is the purpose of a witness stake?
• Astronomic azimuth is based on which reference?
• What best describes a turning point (TP) in the leveling process?
• Elevation or Floodplain Survey determines what?
• Which of the following is NOT a source of GPS error among common factors?
• A reduced level is defined as which?
• In leveling, the last observation is called a foresight. Which of the following is the correct designation for the last observation?
• Which technique is used to establish elevations on project control points?
• What is the minimum accuracy class/order for all level work?
• Dilution Of Precision (DOP) is a measure reflecting which factor most directly?
• Hub stakes are protected by which types of stakes?
• Geodetic datums and the coordinate reference systems were developed to describe geographic positions for:
• The horizontal datum is used to measure a position on the Earth's surface in coordinate systems such as latitude and longitude. Which statement best reflects this?
• Laser scanning in surveying is primarily used to?
• Remote Sensing Control Surveying includes measuring to compute a 3D position for location, orientation, and scale and includes which mapping techniques?
• The Elevation Factor equation EF = R/(R+H+N) implies what about distortion at high elevations?
• In a conformal map, which property is preserved locally?
• The Line of Colimation is what?
• Along horizontal and vertical curve alignments, alignment stakes are placed how often?
• Which map projection is NOT used to transform latitude and longitude into x (Easting) and y (Northing) coordinates?
• NAD27 and NAD83 are examples of which type of datum?
• The State Plane Coordinate System (SPS or SPCS) is a set of 124 geographic zones or coordinate systems designed for what?
• Which method is used to study the effects of Earth's gravitational field from space-based observations?
• Differential leveling is the method of measuring which?
• Which of the following best describes the function of a route survey in practice?
• Which statement best describes static GPS surveying?
• If ellipsoid height h and geoid height N are known, how is orthometric height H computed?
• A GPS signal travel time from the receiver to the satellite is 67 milliseconds. Using a speed of light in the atmosphere of 186,000 miles per second, what is the approximate distance?
• Which statement correctly describes outward and return runs in leveling?
• Which of the following best describes the seven-parameter datum transformation?
• To meet 2nd Order specifications, which leveling staff specifications are required?
• Which file format is commonly associated with vector geographic data?
• What minimum specifications are required for GNSS receivers in surveying?
• With an ellipsoid height for a point derived by GPS of 567.4 ft and a geoid separation of 123.8 ft, what is the orthometric elevation for the point?
• A horizontal line is one that is:
• A rhumb line is a path with constant bearing as measured relative to which reference?
• The reported local accuracy is an approximate average of the local accuracy values between this control point and other observed control points used to establish coordinates.
• A Total Station combines which functionalities?